What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine it, methods of treatment

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires special treatment.Therefore, it is important to know how it occurs and what signs it follows.From this article you will learn about all the features of the disease.As well as diagnostic and treatment methods.

Calculous prostatitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in which conglomerates of a dense structure are formed.In other words, we are talking about stones located in the prostate.They consist of elements that enter the male body.They arise in the secretion of the prostate in the background of chronic prostatitis and pathological disorders.

Causes

The cause of calculous prostatitis can be the following:

1. Infection of the genitourinary system.These can be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis and so on.In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, obstruction is observed in the prostate ducts, against the background of which the secretion acquires a thick and viscous structure.Thus, bacteria create a favorable environment for the formation of stones, and prostatoliths contribute to the increase of inflammatory processes, which causes blockages in the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons - the presence of an adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of unhealthy food, abuse of alcoholic beverages, smoking.But most often the reason lies in the lack of a regular sex life, because in this case the glands cannot empty the stones normally, which is why stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostatic reflux.In this disease, small amounts of urine are thrown into the prostate during urination.As urine accumulates, crystallized salts are released, which increase in size and thicken over time, turning into stones.Urethro-prostatic reflux occurs due to injuries of the urethra, with prostate atony, prostate resection, etc.
4. Impaired blood circulation in the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Failure to maintain personal hygiene causes infection, which leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Old age.This is due to the fact that a kind of phosphoric acid and lime coating is formed on the condensed epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The stone formations have a yellowish shade and a spherical shape.The minimum size of prostatolith is 0.25 cm, the maximum is 0.4.They occur singly or multiple times, and are mainly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate stones or urate stones.

Symptoms

The presence of prostatolith in the prostate is indicated by the following signs:

• dull and aching pain in the perineum, groin, coccyx, scrotum;
• increased pain after physical activity, bowel movements, sexual intercourse, prolonged sitting in one position;
• sharp pain during urination;
• intermittent jet;
• frequent urge when urine is retained;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psychoemotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the prostate acini or ducts.Symptoms of the catarrhal type are mild, the signs are reminiscent of a cold.If you consult a urologist in time and start adequate treatment, you can get rid of the disease in a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatoliths penetrate into the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis.Follicular type can develop after untreated catarrhal type.Manifestations are acute, with elevated body temperature and suppuration, the duration of therapy is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.In the tertiary form, the parenchyma of the prostate is affected, which is why it is called parenchymal (diffuse).It is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute.Purulent exudate forms on the inflamed area.The treatment process is long, tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What are the complications of untreated calculous prostatitis:

• abscesses in the prostate due to the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and further development of sepsis, which leads to death;
• prostate atrophy and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, which is characterized by the expansion of blood vessels in the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

To prevent such consequences, when you notice the first signs, you should go to the clinic and undergo a comprehensive examination.

How to relieve an attack at home?

It is quite clear to anyone with common sense that during an attack it is necessary to call an ambulance.But before her arrival, you can take regular painkillers.If you have propolis-based rectal suppositories in your home pharmacy, perform the appropriate procedure.Pain reliever and laxative tablets.

Which doctor treats you?

A urologist (or andrologist) treats prostatitis of any form.In the process of diagnosis and selection of treatment tactics, other highly specialized doctors are involved - nephrologist, infectious disease specialist and others, depending on the cause of stone formation.

Diagnostics

During the first visit to the urology office, the doctor performs a palpation and visual examination, after which he collects the medical history.One must take into account the way of life, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the symptoms that appear.The following diagnostics are performed:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to determine the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• collection of seminal fluid (sperm in calculous type of prostatitis is characterized by an increased amount of epithelial tissue and amyloid bodies);
• a spermogram allows you to study the degree of motility and the number of spermatozoa;
• x-ray of the prostate;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate;
• computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

It is mandatory to collect blood for PSA, which enables the identification of specific prostate antigen (a type of prostate tumor marker).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of therapy and the choice of therapeutic measures depend on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as on the form, causes of development and the presence of complications.

Drug treatment

1. Fluoroquinolone group for destroying pathogenic microbes, which most often cause prostatitis.These are antibiotics that easily deal with many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline group of antibiotics.However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, so they are prescribed less often than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are used intramuscularly.
5. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient should take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels.For this, a high-frequency electric current is used and a resectoscope is introduced through the lumen of the urethra.The operation is painless, but there is a possibility that prostatolith particles may remain.
2. Transurethral surgery guided by ultrasound.Unlike the previous method.Thanks to enhanced ultrasound monitoring, all stone formations are removed.
3. Strip prostatectomy (stones are removed by cutting) and endoscopic (using an endoscope that is inserted into the prostate).In addition to the advanced stone, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is also performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser that crushes stones, after which they are naturally removed.An endoscope is used for this.

Physiotherapy

• exposure to ultrasound reduces the level of inflammation, removes pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate and relieves discomfort;
• magnetic therapy restores blood circulation and neutralizes swelling.

Massage normalizes the patency of the ducts, accelerates the blood supply, which is considered effective for prostatitis, but is strictly prohibited for the calculous form.The reason is that prostatoliths can move throughout the body.

If you are unable to attend physiotherapy procedures, you can do them at home with the help of special devices.But keep in mind that physiotherapy is effective only during remission - when prostatitis is in the acute phase, the use of the device is prohibited.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis must adhere to a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist on an individual level, based on the severity of the pathology.

The basis of a dietetic diet is to avoid alcoholic and carbonated drinks, fried, smoked, salty and spicy food.It is undesirable to use broths based on fatty meat, fish and mushrooms.You will have to exclude horseradish, radish, garlic, cabbage, beans and onions from vegetables.And other products that lead to the formation of gases.

Therapeutic exercise

It is always used in prostatitis, but in the calculous form the exercise should be light to prevent the stone from moving.Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum.To do this, you can slowly do the following exercises:

1. Stand up to a chair and rest your hands on your back.Pull one leg to the side, raise it as high as possible.Lower the limb.The same actions are performed with the other leg.Number of accesses – 8-10.
2. Stand with your back against a chair and lean on it.Raise your legs one at a time to your stomach, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your legs wider than your shoulders, squat down and hold the position for a few seconds.Get up.While doing the exercise, try to make spring movements in the squat position.Repeat no more than 5 times.

Folk remedies

1. Eat 25-30 raw pumpkin seeds every day, always on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction.You will need an equal proportion of the bare sentence and the black initial letter.Set aside 1 tbsp.l.herbs, pour 0.5 liters of "steep" boiling water, let it cook.Take 100 mg 3 times a day half an hour before meals.
3. Boil the root of the brown rosehip according to the recipe given on the pharmacy package.Drink as tea three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tablespoons into a glass of boiling water.l.parsley seeds and simmer for 10-15 minutes on low heat.Leave for an hour.Drink one tablespoon up to 6 times a day.
5. Drink 600-1,000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful - carrot, beet, cucumber.

Forecast

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, initially, conservative therapy is used, the result of which is usually favorable.In advanced forms and in the absence of positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgery is used.In this case, the prognosis is also favorable.But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period to prevent infections and other complications.

Prevention measures

To prevent the development of calculous type of prostatitis and prevent recurrence, follow simple rules:

• eliminate bad habits;
• seek immediate medical attention for any pathological disorders;
• strictly follow the urologist's instructions;
• don't catch a cold;
• to avoid infection, use condoms;
• Have an active sex life with one partner.